Which service lets you run SQL directly on S3 with no servers?
Why D is the answer
Amazon Athena
Athena is serverless SQL over S3.
In detail
- Athena runs SQL directly on S3 with no servers.
- It is billed by data scanned.
Use case
An illustrative scenario, not a real incident.
An analyst runs SQL on S3 logs with Athena, and has no servers to start.
See it in different ways
flowchart LR A["Data in S3"] --> B["Glue crawler"] B --> C["Glue Data Catalog"] C --> D["Athena"] C --> E["Redshift Spectrum"]
mindmap
root((Stores))
Redshift
Complex analytics
DynamoDB
Fast key lookups
S3
Data lake
Athena
SQL on S3sequenceDiagram participant P0 as Analyst participant P1 as Amazon Athena participant P2 as Amazon S3 P0->>P1: SQL query P1->>P2: Scan P2-->>P0: Result
Key point: Athena is serverless SQL over S3.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. AWS Glue crawlers
- Crawlers read metadata.
- B. Amazon EMR on EC2
- EMR on EC2 has servers.
- C. Amazon Redshift provisioned clusters
- Provisioned clusters are servers to run.

